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VOL. 8, ISSUE 2 (2026)
Evaluation of cytotoxic effects of Costus igneus and Metformin Hydrochloride in Vero Cell Line using MTT and Trypan Blue assay
Authors
Dhanvandhini B, Sakthi Priya M, Jagadeeswaran A, Arulmozhi A
Abstract
Cytotoxicity assessment is essential for
determining the safety profile of natural products and therapeutic agents prior
to further pharmacological applications. The present study was conducted to
evaluate the cytotoxic effects of Costus igneus crude powder (CLP) and
Metformin hydrochloride (MTF) on Vero cell lines using [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium
bromide] MTT assay and trypan blue dye exclusion assay. Vero cells were treated
with different concentrations of CLP and MTF ranging from 100 µg to 1000 µg and
cell viability was evaluated after 24 hours of incubation. In the MTT assay,
lower concentrations of CLP (100 µg and 250 µg) maintained high cell viability
comparable to the control group, whereas higher concentrations caused a
significant reduction in viability. CLP at 1000 µg showed 53.88% viability,
while MTF at the same concentration reduced viability to 16.08%. Similar
findings were observed in the trypan blue dye exclusion assay, where CLP at
1000 µg demonstrated 68.19% viability and MTF showed 48.96% viability. The IC50
value of CLP was calculated as 1042.64 µg The findings indicate that both CLP
and MTF induce concentration-dependent cytotoxicity in Vero cells, with MTF
exhibiting comparatively stronger cytotoxic effects at elevated concentrations.
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Pages:189-192
How to cite this article:
Dhanvandhini B, Sakthi Priya M, Jagadeeswaran A, Arulmozhi A "Evaluation of cytotoxic effects of <i>Costus igneus</i> and Metformin Hydrochloride in Vero Cell Line using MTT and Trypan Blue assay". International Journal of Agriculture and Plant Science, Vol 8, Issue 2, 2026, Pages 189-192
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